Phthalic anhydride

Summary description:

Phthalic anhydride is an organic compound with the molecular formula C8H4O3; it is a cyclic acid anhydride formed by intramolecular dehydration of phthalic acid. Phthalic anhydride is a white solid and serves as an important raw material in the chemical industry, particularly in the production of plasticizers.

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Basic Organic Chemicals

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Detailed Introduction

Phthalic anhydride is an organic compound with the molecular formula C. ₈H4O₃ It is a cyclic anhydride formed by intramolecular dehydration of phthalic acid. Phthalic anhydride is a white solid and an important raw material in the chemical industry, particularly for the production of plasticizers.

Chinese name: Phthalic anhydride
Foreign name: o-Phthalic anhydride
Alternative name: Phthalic anhydride
Chemical formula: C ₈ H ₄ O ₃
Molecular weight: 148.11
CAS Registry Number: 85-44-9
Melting point: 130.8 °C
Boiling point: 284 °C
Solubility in water: readily soluble in hot water
Density: 1.53 g/cm³
Appearance: White, needle-like crystals
Flash point: 152 °C
Applications: An important raw material in the chemical industry, particularly for the production of plasticizers.
Safety description: 23-24/25-26-37/39-46-22
Hazard symbol: Xn
Hazard statements: 22-37/38-41-42/43

Chemical properties
Phthalic anhydride can undergo hydrolysis, alcoholysis, and aminolysis; when reacted with aromatic hydrocarbons, it yields anthraquinone derivatives. Industrially, phthalic anhydride is produced by vapor-phase oxidation of naphthalene with air in the presence of vanadium pentoxide catalyst at 350–360°C, or alternatively by air oxidation of o-xylene. Phthalic anhydride can be used in place of phthalic acid and primarily reacts with monohydric alcohols to form esters, such as dibutyl phthalate and dioctyl phthalate.

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